Alpha-Liponsäure

Androne, L., Gavan, N.A., Veresiu, I.A., Orasan, R.: "In vivo effect of lipoic acid on lipid peroxidation in patients with diabetic neuropathy". In Vivo. 2000; 14(2):327-330.

Bast, A., Haenen, G.R.: "Lipoic acid: a multifunctional nutraceutical". In: Kramer, K., Hoppe, P., Packer, L., Eds. "Nutraceuticals in Health and Disease Prevention". New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 2001:113-128.

Beckman, K.B., Ames, B.N.: "Mitochondrial aging: open questions". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;854:118-127.

Biewenga, G.P., Haenen, G.R., Bast, A.: "The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid". Gen Pharmacol. 1997;29(3):315-331.

Biewenga, G.P., Veening-Griffioen, D.H., Nicastia A.J., Haenen, G.R., Bast, A.: "Effects of dihydrolipoic acid on peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase. Implications for antioxidant drugs". Arzneimittelforschung. 1998;48(2):144-148.

Biewenga, G., Haenen, G.R., Bast, A.: "The role of lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy". Drug Metab Rev. 1997;29(4):1025-1054.

Borcea, V., Nourooz-Zadeh, J., Wolff, S.P., et al.: "Alpha-Lipoic acid decreases oxidative stress even in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control and albuminuria". Free Radic Biol Med. 1999;26(11-12):1495-1500.

Estrada, D.E., Ewart, H.S., Tsakiridis, T., et al.�: "Stimulation of glucose uptake by the natural coenzyme alpha-lipoic acid/thioctic acid: participation of elements of the insulin signaling pathway". Diabetes. 1996;45(12):1798-1804.

Greene, D.A., Stevens, M.J., Obrosova, I., Feldman, E.L.: "Glucose-induced oxidative stress and programmed cell death in diabetic neuropathy". Eur J Pharmacol. 1999;375(1-3):217-223.

Haak, E., Usadel, K.H., Kusterer, K., et al.: "Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on microcirculation in patients with peripheral diabetic neuropathy". Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2000;108(3):168-174.

Hagen, T.M., Liu, J., Lykkesfeldt, J., et al.: "Feeding acetyl-L-carnitine and lipoic acid to old rats significantly improves metabolic function while decreasing oxidative stress". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(4):1870-1875.

Hagen, T.M., Ingersoll, R.T., Lykkesfeldt, J., et al.: "(R)-alpha-lipoic acid-supplemented old rats have improved mitochondrial function, decreased oxidative damage, and increased metabolic rate". Faseb J. 1999;13(2):411-418.

Heitzer, T., Finckh, B., Albers, S., Krohn, K., Kohlschutter, A., Meinertz, T.: "Beneficial effects of alpha-lipoic acid and ascorbic acid on endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in diabetic patients: relation to parameters of oxidative stress". Free Radic Biol Med. 2001;31(1):53-61.

Hendler, S.S., Rorvik, D.R., eds.: "PDR for Nutritional Supplements". Montvale: Medical Economics Company, Inc; 2001.

Hermann, R., Niebch, G., Borbe, H.O., et al.: "Enantioselective pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of different racemic alpha-lipoic acid formulations in healthy volunteers". Eur J Pharm Sci. 1996;4:167-174.

Hofmann, M.A., Schiekofer, S., Kanitz, M., et al.: "Insufficient glycemic control increases nuclear factor-kappa B binding activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from patients with type 1 diabetes". Diabetes Care. 1998;21(8):1310-1316.

Hofmann, M.A., Schiekofer, S., Isermann, B., et al.: "Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from patients with diabetic nephropathy show increased activation of the oxidative-stress sensitive transcription factor NF-kappaB". Diabetologia. 1999;42(2):222-232.

Jacob, S., Henriksen, E.J., Schiemann, A.L., et al.: "Enhancement of glucose disposal in patients with type 2 diabetes by alpha-lipoic acid". Arzneimittel-forschung. 1995;45(8):872-874.

Jacob, S., Rett, K., Henriksen, E.J., Haring, H.U.: "Thioctic acid--effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose-metabolism". Biofactors. 1999;10(2-3):169-174.

Konrad, T., Vicini, P., Kusterer, K., et al.: "Alpha-Lipoic acid treatment decreases serum lactate and pyruvate concentrations and improves glucose effectiveness in lean and obese patients with type 2 diabetes". Diabetes Care. 1999;22(2):280-287.

Kramer, K., Packer, L.: "R-alpha-lipoic acid". In: Kramer K, Hoppe P, Packer L, eds. Nutraceuticals in Health and Disease Prevention. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 2001:129-164.

Laumann, M.: "Klinische Studie zur Wirksamkeit von Thioctazid bei diabetischer autonomer Neuropathie". Med. Diss., Heinrich-Heine Universität D�sseldorf, 1997

Liu, J., Head, E., Gharib, A.M., et al.: "Memory loss in old rats is associated with brain mitochondrial decay and RNA/DNA oxidation: partial reversal by feeding acetyl-L-carnitine and/or R-alpha -lipoic acid". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(4):2356-2361.

Lodge, J.K., Youn, H.D., Handelman, G.J., et al.: "Natural sources of lipoic acid: determination of lipoyllysine released from protease-digested tissues by high performance liquid chromatography incorporating electrochemical detection". J Appl Nutr. 1997;49(1 & 2):3-11.

Maitra, I., Serbinova, E., Tritschler, H.J., Packer, L.: "Stereospecific effects of R-lipoic acid on buthionine sulfoximine-induced cataract formation in newborn rats". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996;221(2):422-429.

Marangon, K., Devaraj, S., Tirosh, O., Packer, L., Jialal, I.: "Comparison of the effect of alpha-lipoic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on measures of oxidative stress". Free Radic Biol Med. 1999;27(9-10):1114-1121.

Mizuno, M., Packer, L.: "Effects of alpha-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid on expression of proto-oncogene c-fos". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994;200(2):1136-1142.

Morcos, M., Borcea, V., Isermann, B., et al.�: "Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on the progression of endothelial cell damage and albuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus: an exploratory study". Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2001; 52(3):175-183

Packer, L., Coman, C: "The Antioxidant Miracle", eds. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1999

Packer, L.: "alpha-Lipoic acid: a metabolic antioxidant which regulates NF-kappa B signal transduction and protects against oxidative injury". Drug Metab Rev. 1998;30(2):245-275.

Packer, L., Kraemer, K., Rimbach, G.: "Molecular aspects of lipoic acid in the prevention of diabetes complications". Nutrition 2001;17(10):888-895.

Reljanovic, M., Reichel, G., Rett, K., et al.: "Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid): a two year multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (ALADIN II)". Alpha Lipoic Acid in Diabetic Neuropathy. Free Radic Res. 1999;31(3):171-179.

Reschke, B. et al.: "Hochdosierte Langzeitbehandlung mit Thioctsäure bei der diabetischen Polyneuropathie: Ergebnisse einer kontrollierten, randomisierten Studie unter besonderer Ber�cksichtigung der autonomen Neuropathie". In: Borbe, H.O., Ulrich, H. (Hrsg. - ASTA Medica, Frankfurt): Neue biochemische, pharmakologische und klinische Erkenntnisse zur Thioctsäure. PMI Verlag, Frankfurt, 1989; pp.318-334

Rett, K., Wicklmayr, E., M�rker, P., Russ, D., Nehrdich, D., Hermann, R.: "Effect of acute infusion of thioctic acid on oxidative and non-oxidative metabolism in obese subjects with NIDDM". Diabetologia. 1995;38:A41.

Streeper, R.S., Henriksen, E.J., Jacob, S., Hokama, J.Y, Fogt, D.L., Tritschler, H.J.: "Differential effects of lipoic acid stereoisomers on glucose metabolism in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle". Am J Physiol. 1997;273(1 Pt 1):E185-191.

Suh, J.H., Shigeno, E.T., Morrow, J.D., et al.: "Oxidative stress in the aging rat heart is reversed by dietary supplementation with (R)-(alpha)-lipoic acid". Faseb J. 2001;15(3):700-706.

Teichert, J., Kern, J., Tritschler, H.J., Ulrich, H., Preiss, R.: "Investigations on the pharmacokinetics of alpha-lipoic acid in healthy volunteers". Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1998;36(12):625-628.

Yeaman, S.J., Kirby, J.A., Jones, D.E.: "Autoreactive responses to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis". Immunol Rev. 2000;174:238-249.

Zhang, J., Frei, B.: "Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells". Faseb J. 2001;15(13):2423-2432.

Ziegler, D. et al.: "Effekte einer Therapie mit a-Liponsäure gegenüber Vitamin B1 bei der diabetischen Neuropathie". Diabetes & Stoffwechsel 2:443-448, 1993

Ziegler, D. et al.: "Treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the anti-oxidant a-lipoic acid". Diabetologia 28:1425-1433, 1995

Ziegler, D. et al.: "Effects of treatment with the antioxidant a-Lipoic acid on cardiac autonomic neuropathy in NIDDM patients". Diabetes Care 20:369-373, 1997

Ziegler, D., Reljanovic, M., Mehnert, H., Gries, F.A. :"Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy in Germany: current evidence from clinical trials". Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1999;107(7):421-430.

Ziegler, D., Hanefeld, M., Ruhnau, K.J., et al.: "Treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the anti-oxidant alpha-lipoic acid. A 3-week multicentre randomized controlled trial (ALADIN Study)". Diabetologia. 1995;38(12):1425-1433.

Ziegler, D., Hanefeld, M., Ruhnau, K.J., et al.: "Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: a 7-month multicenter randomized controlled trial (ALADIN III Study)". ALADIN III Study Group. Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Diabetic Neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(8):1296-1301.

"Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)". UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998;352(9131):837-853.

"The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus". The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(14):977-986.

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